Posted: May 13th, 2018

psy110 ch 8 pretest

1)
When you touch an infant’s cheek, he will turn toward your
hand, open his mouth, and search for the nipple. This is known as the ________
reflex.

rooting

startle

sucking

Moro

Score: 1

2)
Which of the following is true about reflexes?

Reflex actions are the main means by which humans interact
throughout the lifespan.

Some reflexes help infants to survive until they are capable
of learning more complex means of interaction.

No survival or interaction purposes have been found for the
reflexes of newborn infants.

Reflexes are learned, voluntary patterns of behavior that
develop throughout infancy.

3)
By the end of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, infants have
fully developed a sense of:

object permanence.

animism.

altruism.

abstract concepts.

4)
The primary task of individuals facing Erikson’s stage of
identity versus role confusion is to:

find a mate.

develop values in life and beliefs concerning such things as
political issues and career options.

become self-sufficient with a job and home separate from
one’s parents.

nurture the next generation.

Score: 1

5)
Adolescence refers to the period between:

ages 11 and 14.

age 13 and the early 20s.

puberty and middle adulthood.

childhood and late adulthood.

6)
The cell resulting from fertilization is called a(n):

mitosis.

ovum.

fetus.

zygote.

7)
When the mass of cells does not completely split apart, the
result is:

identical twins.

a miscarriage.

conjoined twins.

a spontaneous abortion.

8)
Dizygotic twins ___________________________.

each possess the same set of 46 chromosomes

are more likely to occur in women taking fertility drugs

refer to 2 babies coming from one fertilized egg

are always the same sex

9)
________ may cause miscarriage and low birth weight for the
developing embryo.

Mercury

Syphilis

Rubella

Caffeine

10)
During the embryonic period, the embryo
_____________________________.

still has no beating heart

remains unaffected by environmental influences

grows to about 5-inches long

becomes vulnerable to diseases the mother may have

11)
Sixteen-year-old Esmerelda often drinks several glasses of
beer and then drives herself home. When her parents express worry that her
drinking and driving will lead to an accident, Esmerelda responds, “That
won’t happen to me. It only happens to other people.” Esmerelda’s thinking
reflects:

centration.

preconventional morality.

the imaginary audience.

the personal fable.

12)
Olivia is in peak physical health. Her senses are sharp, and
her cognitive abilities are mature. Olivia is most likely in which of the
following age groups?

20s

teens

40s

50s

13)
A 4 year old watches her father pour liquid from a short,
wide glass into a tall, thin glass. She believes that there is now more liquid
in the tall glass than there was in the short glass. This is known as:

centration.

irreversibility

object permanence.

egocentrism.

14)
Lizzie, age 12, regularly asks questions, such as,
“What if everyone just got along?” and, “If I became a medical
researcher, could I find a cure for cancer?” According to Piaget’s theory,
these questions suggest that Lizzie has acquired the ability to _____.

mentally reverse actions

think abstractly

consider all relevant features of an object

think symbolically

15)
The primary task of individuals facing Erikson’s stage of
identity versus role confusion is to:

become self-sufficient with a job and home separate from
one’s parents.

develop values in life and beliefs concerning things such as
political issues and career options.

find a mate.

nurture the next generation.

16)
Seeing a dog for the first time, Kenetra—whose family owns a
cat—points and says “cat.” Piaget would say this is an example of:

egocentrism.

object permanence.

accommodation.

assimilation.

17)
Down syndrome is:

caused by environmental factors.

recessive.

an inherited disorder.

a chromosome disorder.

18)
Humans have a total of ____ chromosomes in each cell of
their bodies.

23

46

22

44

19)
A ______ will always be expressed in the observable trait.

recessive gene

dominant gene

physical feature

chromosome

20)
Which of the following describes the relationship between
heredity and environmental factors in determining development?

Experience can affect our genes, but genes cannot affect our
experiences.

Environmental factors are much more important than heredity.

Genes and experience can affect each other.

Genes and experiences are completely independent of each
other.

21)
A research design in which one participant or group of
similar participants is followed and studied over a long period of time is called
a ________ design.

cross-sectional

latitudinal

cross-sequential

longitudinal

22)
A researcher spends her entire career comparing the relative
influences of heredity and environment on the development of alcoholism in men.
This researcher works in the field of:

moral development.

environmental genetics.

behavioral genetics.

physical development.

23)
Erikson believes that during late adulthood, people engage
in a process called:

indulgence.

a life review.

materialism.

libero.

24)
Generally speaking, a person experiences the peak of their
physical functioning during their:

40s.

30s.

20s.

teen years.

25)
During the intimacy versus isolation stage, Erikson saw the
primary task to be:

establishing a home separate from one’s parents.

maturing one’s cognitive abilities.

becoming self-sufficient with a job.

finding a mate.

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