Posted: September 8th, 2022

Epidemiology of Perinatal Depression

Topic: epidemiology of perinatal depression

Paper details:

Ace my homework – Write 2-3 page, Ace homework tutors – APA formatted paper answering the followings:

Explore the epidemiology of perinatal depression in more detail. Ace my homework – Write my paper – Online assignment help tutors – Discuss why it may be difficult to find an accurate incidence rate, what data sources are used, and why surveillance of this disorder is important.
What are the statistics on adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes related to perinatal depression, and how do they support the need for prevention?
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Epidemiology of Perinatal Depression
Introduction
Nursing mothers are at risk of depression due to significant biological, hormonal and psychological changes occurring during and after pregnancy. Statistics indicate that 10 percent of lactating mothers experience perinatal depression. The healthcare issue is common among nursing women in developing countries. One of the risk factors is the failure to visit a healthcare facility during pregnancy. Pregnant mothers can reduce the chances of perinatal depression by visiting healthcare facilities from conception to delivery (Freeman, 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers). Healthcare facilities should also improve their surveillance mechanisms to identify depressed women or encourage them to identify depression signs. Surveillance is important in improving the health of a bay and the mother and reducing the rate of perinatal depression.
Epidemiology of Perinatal Depression
Perinatal depression affects 10 percent to 20 percent of pregnant or lactating women globally. Depression is common among nursing mothers in low-income or middle-income nations and minority groups (Woody et al., 2017). For example, 47 percent of pregnant and lactating women in South Africa experience perinatal depression compared to 13 percent in Germany. Antenatal depression is a significant predictor of postnatal depression. The condition is associated with pre-term birth, operative delivery, low-weight birth or preeclampsia (Kendig et al., 2017). Depression is also associated with a lack of engagement in a healthcare facility during pregnancy.
It is difficult to find an accurate incidence rate due to temporal criteria used in DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The criteria exclude all cases that occur after 4 weeks of delivery. Many mothers fail to visit healthcare practitioners for a checkup (Kendig et al., 2017). Others also in developing countries do not go for health checkups during the pregnancy (Woody et al., 2017). Consequently, healthcare organizations do not have an accurate incidence rate of perinatal depression.
Healthcare organizations use data from maternity units and health facilities. Counseling centers and psychological departments handling depressed mothers. The surveillance of the disease is important since negative outcomes of depression affect the mother and the child (Freeman, 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers). Depression also disrupts maternal-infant bonding or attempts to harm the self or the baby. Therefore, surveillance of the condition is important to ensure affected mothers can begin treatment.
Statistics on Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Prevention of perinatal depression is significant to the health outcomes of both the mother and the child. Statistics indicate that a large percent of antenatal depression is a significant predictor of perinatal depression. Globally, 13 percent of women who have just given birth experience a mental disorder while 19.8 percent experienced depression (Freeman, 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers). The increase in the rate of depression shows that prevention measures are necessary. Additionally, statistics indicate that 1 in 5 women in developing countries experiences depression due to a lack of clinical care during pregnancy (Woody et al., 2017). Therefore, it is clear that the prevention of depression can significantly lower the frequency of depression.
Conclusion
Perinatal disorder is a common occurrence among nursing mothers in both developing and developed countries. Statistics indicate that antenatal depression is a predictor of perinatal depression. Researchers propose the need to take preventive measures to overcome the crisis. Preventive measures are significant since they will ward off negative outcomes such as poor mother-infant bonding and reduce suicidal or harm rate among nursing mothers. Healthcare providers should encourage pregnant mothers to visit the clinic to lower the chances of perinatal depression. Nursing mothers should also visit healthcare facilities for assessment to prevent harm and improve the well-being of their children.

References
Freeman, M. P. (2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers). Perinatal Depression: Recommendations for Prevention and the Challenges of Implementation. Jama, 321(6), 550-552.
Kendig, S., Keats, J. P., Hoffman, M. C., Kay, L. B., Miller, E. S., Simas, T. A. M., … & Semenuk, K. (2017). Consensus bundle on maternal mental health: perinatal depression and anxiety. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 46(2), 272-281.
Woody, C. A., Ferrari, A. J., Siskind, D. J., Whiteford, H. A., & Harris, M. G. (2017). A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 219, 86-92.

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