Posted: March 30th, 2022

Describe the selected problem from two of the three systems levels (micro-, meso-, and macro)

The benefits, concerns, and challenges of a systems approach offer the practice scholar several ways to view a health problem. Select a practice problem within your unique setting and consider the following.

Describe the selected problem from two of the three systems levels (micro-, meso-, and macro).
Explain how the outcomes of one system-level effect the other level?
How are the systems approach beneficial in improving healthcare quality and safety?
Instructions:

Use an Ace homework tutors – APA style and a minimum of 200 words. Provide support from a minimum of at least three (3) scholarly sources. The scholarly source needs to be: 1) evidence-based, 2) scholarly in nature, 3) Sources should be no more than five years old (published within the last 5 year), and 4) an in-text citation. citations and references are included when information is summarized/synthesized and/or direct quotes are used, in which Ace homework tutors – APA style standards apply.

• Textbooks are not considered scholarly sources.

• Wikipedia, Wikis, .com website or blogs should not be used.

Wk lecture from the class:
Health System Levels
A paradigm shift is underway in healthcare, from a volume-based system to the current value-based system, and the abounding uncertainty and tumultuous changes that are ensuing are a sign of this shift (Khan et al., 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online; Marchildon & Fletcher, 2016: 2024 – Do my homework – Help write my assignment online). Thomas Kuhn’s (1970) theory of paradigm shifts suggests that such shifts in paradigms create opportunity. At present, the healthcare arena is chaotic, with some stakeholders holding onto the old system while others are forging ahead with change. In the midst of the disorder opportunity awaits for healthcare reform. The AACN Essentials (2006 – Write a paper; Professional research paper writing service – Best essay writers) identify the DNP scholar as a leader poised to respond to the complexity and chaos across the health system. As a DNP-prepared nurse, you will use your expertise in translating evidence to improve outcomes in multiple settings across the health system.

In structure, the health system is composed of a several components: front-line clinical microsystems, in-between mesosystems, overarching macrosystems, and patients needing care. Macrosystems are part of the megasystem of American healthcare, which itself is a component of the even larger economic, political, and social metasystems of society as a whole and, ultimately, a part of global systems. Let’s explore the role of the DNP scholar across these systems.

Microsystems
The microsystem setting is the point of care. For many, the microsystem is the most familiar aspect of the health system in which patients, staff, information, and equipment converge for the purpose of providing care. It is the place where patients, families, and care teams meet. Clinical microsystems do the everyday hands-on work within an organization, and vary in terms of quality, safety outcomes, and cost performance (Nelson et al., 2002). Examples of microsystems include but are not limited to a nurse-midwifery practice, a renal dialysis team, a fertility clinic, a cardiac surgery team, an emergency department, or an inpatient maternity unit.

Mesosystems
The mesosystem is the middle level that interfaces between the microsystem and the macrosystem. The mesosystem replaces patient-centeredness with patron-centeredness. It is the management level of a health system, which links microsystems together to allow them to move from separate units to those that support patients along their continuum of care (Litosky, 2014: 2024 – Essay Writing Service | Write My Essay For Me Without Delay).

Macrosystems
The macrosystems are larger health systems that are composed of smaller systems. Macrosystems contain meso- and microsystems; therefore, the outcomes of the macrosystem are never greater than the outcomes of the microsystems of which it is composed (Nelson et al., 2002). It is the widest lens through which to consider a healthcare problem. Examples of macrosystems include but are not limited to as a chief operating officer, board of directors, or a professional organization.

At each level of a health care system, DNP-prepared scholars can take decisive action to improve quality outcomes. A health system that is patient-centered, high-quality, safe, and efficient cannot occur without the transformation of the individual levels that combine to form the care continuum.

View the activity below to explore the Micro, Meso, and Macrosystems Practice Setting as it relates to the practice scholar.

System Thinking
System Thinking
We have learned the value of studying and changing the microsystems of healthcare—the people, equipment, and data at the level of direct patient care. The levels of healthcare systems focus on the microsystem (patient point of care), mesosystem (provider), or macrosystem (policy and/or regulatory) levels. The practice change projects you’ll be working on in the future will be set in one of these levels of the healthcare system. The approach you take to the healthcare issues will evolve over time. Importantly, don’t forget to take a glimpse at these problems from a helicopter view!

Medication errors, such as wrong-dose insulin administration, present an ongoing challenge within healthcare microsystems. At the microsystem level of an inpatient medical-surgical unit, workflows and individual nurse distractions can influence dosing accuracy (The Joint Commission, 2022). However, mesosystem factors also impact safety. Nurse workload and appropriate staffing ratios affect the potential for distraction and rushing during care tasks (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2022).
The outcomes between these levels are interconnected. Changes to microsystem workflows may reduce errors for individual patients but are unsustainable without addressing mesosystem staffing influences on nurse workload and performance (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2021). A systems approach acknowledges this interdependence and allows for a more comprehensive understanding of root causes versus isolated solutions (The Joint Commission, 2022). Considering issues from multiple system perspectives also fosters strategic, sustainable solutions rather than temporary fixes (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2021).
A systems lens acknowledges that individual accountability coexists with an appreciation of systemic influences on human performance (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2022). This approach offers a means of achieving high-quality, safe care through lasting impact on priorities like medication safety (The Joint Commission, 2022). In conclusion, viewing healthcare challenges from different systems levels can support quality improvement and patient outcomes.

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