Posted: May 13th, 2023

Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests Assignment

The Assignment

Assignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):

Assignment Option 1: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests:
Include the following:

A description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you were assigned is used in healthcare.
What is its purpose?
How is it conducted?
What information does it gather?
Based on your research, evaluate the test or the tool’s validity and reliability, and explain any issues with sensitivity, reliability, and predictive values. Include references in appropriate APA formatting.

Assignment Option 2: Child Health Case:
Include the following:

An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned.
Write a page paper – Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.
Identify and describe any risks and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information.
Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight

Free Sample Essay

Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests
Assessment tools and diagnostic tests are used by health practitioners to determine the health condition of a patient. They are used as a proactive approach to ensure critical conditions such as cancer are detected before they spread. Pap smear is a medical examination that helps in identifying abnormal cells in the cervix (Burket et al., 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). The abnormal cells may indicate the risk of cancer in the future. Women are encouraged to take the test every three years. The procedure is quick and painless although it may cause little discomfort. The validity and reliability of the test are high since it has helped prevent 70 percent of deaths associated with cervical cancer. False-negative results should be evaluated critically to prevent the misdiagnosis of abnormal cells.
Purpose
Pap smear or Pap test is a medical examination carried out by health practitioners to test for cervical cancer in women. The purpose of the test to check for changes in cells that are already cancerous or may later become cancerous (Sukumar & Gnanamurthy, 2016: 2024 – Do my homework – Help write my assignment online). It is recommended that women should take the Pap smear every three years to check for any abnormal growth in their cervical cells. Women are also recommended to follow up with their healthcare provider to determine whether to have HPV test.
Procedure
The test is carried out by asking a woman to lie on her back and place her legs on stirrups. The legs should be spread to allow the doctor to carry out the procedure. According to Sukumar and Gnanamurthy (2016: 2024 – Do my homework – Help write my assignment online), the doctor will insert a device called speculum into the vagina to access the cervix. The healthcare provider will then scrap some cells from the cervical walls using a spatula or a cytobrush. The scrapping of the cells on the cervical walls cam cause pain or discomfort, but the procedure is short. The sample cells collected will be preserved and sent to the laboratory for testing. The testing will involve checking for abnormal cells, which could portray the presence of cancerous cells.
The results of the test can either be positive or negative. Negative results mean that a woman has no abnormal cells and thus does not require another Pap test for the next three years. However, positive results can indicate the presence of precancerous cells (Burket et al., 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). It is important to carry out further tests to determine the condition of the abnormal cells. Depending on the extent of the abnormal cells a healthcare practitioner may recommend another Pap test or a procedure called colposcopy which is used to determine the abnormality of the cells.
The procedure involved specific types of preparations including avoiding sexual intercourse a few days before the test. Women should also avoid vaginal medication which can wash away the abnormal cells (Syed, 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). Another precaution is to avoid taking the test a few days before or after the menstrual period. Additionally, patients who are taking the test should communicate to their healthcare provider about their health conditions such as HIV/AIDs. The reason is that such complex conditions may require advanced tests to determine the presence of abnormal cells.
Information Gathered
The procedure is necessary since it gathers information about the abnormality of the cells in the cervix. There are various levels of abnormal cells including atypia, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia and carcinoma situ (Burket et al., 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). Mild abnormalities in cervical cells are common compared to severe abnormalities. The information gathered will be used by the health practitioner to determine the next course of action.

Reliability and Validity
Evidence-based practice shows that the accuracy of the test in reducing cervical cancer rates and mortality is at 80 percent. Statistics also indicate that since the invention of the Pap smear the death of women due to cervical cancer has reduced by 70 percent (Syed, 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). Additionally, when the condition is detected early it can be fully treated. The validity and reliability are also in question due to the percentage of the instances when the results are false-positive (Burket et al., 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). The false-positive results indicate the presence of abnormal cells when they are normal. For example, Barbara Arbuckle of Seattle after carrying out two tests she was informed she was fine, but later developed cervical cancer (Syed, 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). Reliability and validity can be enhanced by evading the factors that interfere with the integrity of the test. For example, it is recommended to take the test in the middle of the cycle, avoid sexual intercourse and vaginal medication. Another way of increasing integrity is to carry out the test every three years.
Conclusion
Pap smear is one of the assessment tools used by healthcare practitioners to identify precancerous cells in the cervix. Women are recommended to take the tests every three years. The tests should be taken with precautions such as avoiding vaginal medication which can interfere with the results. The tool produces results with a high level of validity and reliability since it has reduced mortality by 70 percent since its invention.

References
Burket, J., Smith, A., Arnold, M., Arthur, B., Bennett, N., & Marshall, B. (2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). Current guidelines may not be the best for the follow-up of abnormal Pap smear results. Evidence-Based Practice, 21(7), 3-5.
Sukumar, P., & Gnanamurthy, R. K. (2016: 2024 – Do my homework – Help write my assignment online). Computer-aided detection of cervical cancer using pap-smear images based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system classifier. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 6(2), 312-319.
Syed, S. (2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online). A Survey of Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Awareness and Utilization of Pap smear test among female health care providers in a Secondary Care Hospital, Pakistan. Journal of the Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists of Pakistan, 8(3), 143-147.

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