Posted: January 18th, 2023

Progressive era

For this week write an essay that is two pages minimum on the Progressive era. Focus in on how the city was the central point for this movement. Why the city? Continue with an exploration of the key issues and figures of the major movements- labor and the women’s movement. But not all was completely democratic in these movements so end your essay how these movements included democratic and anti-democratic actions. (Sometimes movements that are meant to liberate people can become oppressive themselves) Those are the three parts of your essay. Make sure to quote the author (Foner) at least two times! Keywords to use: Jane Addams and Hull House, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Birth control movement, Socialism, Eugene Debbs and Fordism. You can go to other academic websites and use material as along as you quote the source. No WIKIPEDIA!
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Procurement fraud refers to any illegal or dishonest activity that takes place during the procurement process, from the initial planning stages to the final delivery of goods or services. This can include activities such as bid rigging, kickbacks, false invoicing, and conflicts of interest. Fraud risks factors include weak controls and opportunities that arise from a lack of oversight and transparency.
To audit the efficiency, economy, and effectiveness of outsourcing government services to private entities, it is important to conduct thorough due diligence on the contractors and consultants being considered. This should include reviewing their financial records, past performance, and any potential conflicts of interest. Additionally, it is important to establish clear performance metrics and monitoring systems to ensure that the contractor is meeting their obligations and delivering the promised services.
One potential way to detect deliberate misrepresentation during the procurement process is through the use of data analytics. By analyzing data from a variety of sources, such as financial records and invoices, it may be possible to identify patterns or anomalies that suggest fraud. Additionally, agencies can establish hotlines or other means for employees and members of the public to report suspected fraud.
Another important step in preventing procurement fraud is to establish clear policies and procedures for procurement, and to ensure that all staff members are trained on these policies and procedures. This can include measures such as separating procurement functions to reduce the risk of conflicts of interest, and implementing strong internal controls to detect and prevent fraud.
One source that supports these points is the “Federal Bureau of Investigation” (FBI) which states that procurement fraud is a serious crime that can result in significant financial losses for the government and taxpayers. The FBI also emphasizes the importance of establishing clear policies and procedures, and training staff to detect and prevent procurement fraud.
Another source is “Association of Certified Fraud Examiners” (ACFE) which states that outsourcing can create a number of opportunities for fraud, such as lack of oversight and a lack of understanding of the services being outsourced. ACFE also suggests that organizations should implement fraud prevention measures such as establishing clear performance metrics, implementing internal controls, and conducting regular audits of contractors and consultants.
Procurement fraud is a serious concern that can have a significant impact on government agencies and taxpayers. To prevent and detect procurement fraud, it is important to conduct thorough due diligence on contractors and consultants, establish clear performance metrics, and implement strong internal controls. Additionally, by using data analytics and encouraging employees and members of the public to report suspected fraud, organizations can take proactive steps to detect and prevent fraud.

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